Irving Stoy Reed and Gustave Soloman invented the Reed Solomon code, an algebraic error-correcting and detection code, which was used for reading and encoding CDs.ġ965: James Russell, an American inventor, introduced the concept of optical digital recording and playback.ġ967: 12-bit PCM digital audio recording demonstrated at NHK Technical Research Institute, Japan. Colour graphics set the Apple II apart from its rivals on the market.Development of the Compact Disc, CD-ROM, DVD and Blu-Rayġ841: French mathematician Augustin-Louis Cauchy proposed Sampling Theorem, which was used in the conversion of audio into digital format.ġ842: An analytical engine for storing and performing calculations developed by Charles Babbage, a British mathematician and inventor.ġ854: George Boole, a British mathematician, published theoretical concept used in digital circuits.ġ855: Phono-autograph, a device used to record vibrations on a carbonized paper, was invented by Leon Scott de Martinville, a French printer-turned-inventor.ġ877: Thomas Edison, an American inventor and scientist, invented the phonograph, an earlier version of the gramophone.ġ887: Edison’s Wax Cylinder Phonograph replaced by the first ever audio disc, which was invented by American Emile Berliner.ġ915: First 10-inch 78 rpm gramophone record introduced.ġ922: The concept of time sampling in communication introduced by John Renshaw Carson.ġ928: Technology used for today’s audio CDs proposed and proved in theory by Harry Nyquist, a Swedish physicist.ġ937: Alec Reeves, a British scientist, invented pulse-code modulation technology, which is still being used in audio CDs today.ġ947: Magnetic tape recorders introduced in US markets.ġ948: Claude Shannon, American mathematician and “Father of Information Theory”, published Mathematical Theory of Communication, which contributed significantly to CD technology.ġ949: 7-inch 45 rpm records introduced in the US markets.ġ950: Richard Hamming, an American mathematician, published Theory of Error Detection and Corrections, an important document for the manufacturing of error-free CDs.ġ958: Jack Kilby at Texas Instruments introduced the integrated circuit.ġ960: Laser technology introduced by Theodore Maiman and used for data storage in CDs. Steve Jobs added the colours to the logo to reflect the Apple II’s superior colour output. Apple II – 1977ġ977 saw the invention of both the Apple II and the famous rainbow Apple logo. Although some models were classified as All-In-One, they had separate monitors packaged in the same box. We chose to highlight those products where the design changes are best appreciated.Īpple has sold “all-in-one” computers that have built-in monitors from its very early days.
The list compiled for this article is by no means a complete compilation of all Apple products.
Whether or not their inventions were accepted by the marketplace, Apple has consistently put out products that raise the bar for the computer and telecommunications industry. Most have been notable leaps forward, while some were famous flops. With the 25th anniversary of the first Macintosh computer coming up on January 24th, 2009, we’re taking a look back in time at the evolution of Apple products.